<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<item xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" itemId="35" public="1" featured="0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="http://classicalchopped.artinterp.org/omeka/exhibits/show/ancient-portraits/item/35?output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-05-16T17:45:32-06:00">
  <fileContainer>
    <file fileId="34">
      <src>http://classicalchopped.artinterp.org/omeka/files/original/3156686cbab3d71c44370f990eaca3ac.jpg</src>
      <authentication>13cc49502538a69a05a1b355e4ad7603</authentication>
    </file>
  </fileContainer>
  <elementSetContainer>
    <elementSet elementSetId="1">
      <name>Dublin Core</name>
      <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="50">
          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="319">
              <text>Copenhagen Vespasian</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="40">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="393">
              <text>70-79 CE, Flavian Period</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="79">
          <name>Medium</name>
          <description>The material or physical carrier of the resource.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="394">
              <text>Marble</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="48">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="395">
              <text>Naples, Italy</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="37">
          <name>Contributor</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="396">
              <text>Gentry Pack</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="91">
          <name>Rights Holder</name>
          <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="397">
              <text>New Carlsberg Glyptotek in Copenhagen, Denmark</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="42">
          <name>Format</name>
          <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="398">
              <text>45 cm tall</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="39">
          <name>Creator</name>
          <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="399">
              <text>Unknown</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="41">
          <name>Description</name>
          <description>An account of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="474">
              <text>Description:&#13;
&#13;
This marble portrait is a veristic bust of the Roman emperor Vespasian. He is depicted in a very mature way, appearing to be about 60 years old. His nose has been broken off, his hair is very thin, and the top of his head is balding. He has heavy wrinkles along his forehead and around his chin and mouth. He has crow’s feet next his eyes, and smile lines next to his cheeks. He has no visible eyebrows, but has wrinkle lines in between where his eyebrows would meet. His lips are very thin, and his facial expression looks very serious and determined. He has a wide shaped head with very protruding sides right above his ears. &#13;
&#13;
Significance:&#13;
&#13;
Due to the fact that Vespasian followed the rule of Nero, a very young, headstrong, unsuccessful ruler, Vespasian chose to be depicted in a more veristic way in order to emphasize his wisdom and maturity as a ruler, and distance him self from Nero’s characteristics. Vespasian’s truthful portrayal of his age helped emphasize his military experience. His strained facial expression made him appear to be respectable, older, and accomplished. This was the complete opposite of the young and brash previous ruler. Nero’s youthfulness proved to be poor characteristic for a Roman emperor, so by emphasizing Vespasian’s age, it was more likely that he would be perceived as a more fitting ruler by the general public.&#13;
</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="75">
          <name>References</name>
          <description>A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="475">
              <text>Ancient Rome Website:&#13;
http://ancientrome.ru/art/artworken/img.htm?id=5233&#13;
&#13;
Khan Academy Website:&#13;
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/roman/early-empire/a/portrait-of-vespasian&#13;
&#13;
University of Cambridge Website:&#13;
http://museum.classics.cam.ac.uk/collections/casts/vespasian</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </elementSet>
  </elementSetContainer>
</item>
